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1   /*
2    * Copyright 2019-2024 The OSHI Project Contributors
3    * SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
4    */
5   package oshi.util.platform.windows;
6   
7   import java.util.EnumMap;
8   import java.util.Locale;
9   import java.util.Map;
10  import java.util.Objects;
11  import java.util.Set;
12  import java.util.concurrent.ConcurrentHashMap;
13  
14  import org.slf4j.Logger;
15  import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
16  
17  import com.sun.jna.platform.win32.PdhUtil;
18  import com.sun.jna.platform.win32.PdhUtil.PdhException;
19  import com.sun.jna.platform.win32.VersionHelpers;
20  import com.sun.jna.platform.win32.Win32Exception;
21  import com.sun.jna.platform.win32.COM.Wbemcli;
22  import com.sun.jna.platform.win32.COM.WbemcliUtil.WmiQuery;
23  import com.sun.jna.platform.win32.COM.WbemcliUtil.WmiResult;
24  
25  import oshi.annotation.concurrent.ThreadSafe;
26  import oshi.util.platform.windows.PerfDataUtil.PerfCounter;
27  
28  /**
29   * Enables queries of Performance Counters using wild cards to filter instances
30   */
31  @ThreadSafe
32  public final class PerfCounterQuery {
33  
34      private static final Logger LOG = LoggerFactory.getLogger(PerfCounterQuery.class);
35  
36      private static final boolean IS_VISTA_OR_GREATER = VersionHelpers.IsWindowsVistaOrGreater();
37  
38      // Use a thread safe set to cache failed pdh queries
39      private static final Set<String> FAILED_QUERY_CACHE = ConcurrentHashMap.newKeySet();
40  
41      // A map to cache localization strings
42      private static final ConcurrentHashMap<String, String> LOCALIZE_CACHE = new ConcurrentHashMap<>();
43  
44      /*
45       * Multiple classes use these constants
46       */
47      public static final String TOTAL_INSTANCE = "_Total";
48      public static final String TOTAL_OR_IDLE_INSTANCES = "_Total|Idle";
49      public static final String TOTAL_INSTANCES = "*_Total";
50      public static final String NOT_TOTAL_INSTANCE = "^" + TOTAL_INSTANCE;
51      public static final String NOT_TOTAL_INSTANCES = "^" + TOTAL_INSTANCES;
52  
53      private PerfCounterQuery() {
54      }
55  
56      /**
57       * Query the a Performance Counter using PDH, with WMI backup on failure, for values corresponding to the property
58       * enum.
59       *
60       * @param <T>          The enum type of {@code propertyEnum}
61       * @param propertyEnum An enum which implements
62       *                     {@link oshi.util.platform.windows.PerfCounterQuery.PdhCounterProperty} and contains the WMI
63       *                     field (Enum value) and PDH Counter string (instance and counter)
64       * @param perfObject   The PDH object for this counter; all counters on this object will be refreshed at the same
65       *                     time
66       * @param perfWmiClass The WMI PerfData_RawData_* class corresponding to the PDH object
67       * @return An {@link EnumMap} of the values indexed by {@code propertyEnum} on success, or an empty map if both PDH
68       *         and WMI queries failed.
69       */
70      public static <T extends Enum<T>> Map<T, Long> queryValues(Class<T> propertyEnum, String perfObject,
71              String perfWmiClass) {
72          if (!FAILED_QUERY_CACHE.contains(perfObject)) {
73              Map<T, Long> valueMap = queryValuesFromPDH(propertyEnum, perfObject);
74              if (!valueMap.isEmpty()) {
75                  return valueMap;
76              }
77              // If we are here, query failed
78              LOG.info("Disabling further attempts to query {}.", perfObject);
79              FAILED_QUERY_CACHE.add(perfObject);
80          }
81          return queryValuesFromWMI(propertyEnum, perfWmiClass);
82      }
83  
84      /**
85       * Query the a Performance Counter using PDH for values corresponding to the property enum.
86       *
87       * @param <T>          The enum type of {@code propertyEnum}
88       * @param propertyEnum An enum which implements
89       *                     {@link oshi.util.platform.windows.PerfCounterQuery.PdhCounterProperty} and contains the WMI
90       *                     field (Enum value) and PDH Counter string (instance and counter)
91       * @param perfObject   The PDH object for this counter; all counters on this object will be refreshed at the same
92       *                     time
93       * @return An {@link EnumMap} of the values indexed by {@code propertyEnum} on success, or an empty map if the PDH
94       *         query failed.
95       */
96      public static <T extends Enum<T>> Map<T, Long> queryValuesFromPDH(Class<T> propertyEnum, String perfObject) {
97          T[] props = propertyEnum.getEnumConstants();
98          // If pre-Vista, localize the perfObject
99          String perfObjectLocalized = PerfCounterQuery.localizeIfNeeded(perfObject, false);
100         EnumMap<T, PerfCounter> counterMap = new EnumMap<>(propertyEnum);
101         EnumMap<T, Long> valueMap = new EnumMap<>(propertyEnum);
102         try (PerfCounterQueryHandler pdhQueryHandler = new PerfCounterQueryHandler()) {
103             // Set up the query and counter handles
104             for (T prop : props) {
105                 PerfCounter counter = PerfDataUtil.createCounter(perfObjectLocalized,
106                         ((PdhCounterProperty) prop).getInstance(), ((PdhCounterProperty) prop).getCounter());
107                 counterMap.put(prop, counter);
108                 if (!pdhQueryHandler.addCounterToQuery(counter)) {
109                     return valueMap;
110                 }
111             }
112             // And then query. Zero timestamp means update failed
113             if (0 < pdhQueryHandler.updateQuery()) {
114                 for (T prop : props) {
115                     valueMap.put(prop, pdhQueryHandler.queryCounter(counterMap.get(prop)));
116                 }
117             }
118         }
119         return valueMap;
120     }
121 
122     /**
123      * Query the a Performance Counter using WMI for values corresponding to the property enum.
124      *
125      * @param <T>          The enum type of {@code propertyEnum}
126      * @param propertyEnum An enum which implements
127      *                     {@link oshi.util.platform.windows.PerfCounterQuery.PdhCounterProperty} and contains the WMI
128      *                     field (Enum value) and PDH Counter string (instance and counter)
129      * @param wmiClass     The WMI PerfData_RawData_* class corresponding to the PDH object
130      * @return An {@link EnumMap} of the values indexed by {@code propertyEnum} if successful, an empty map if the WMI
131      *         query failed.
132      */
133     public static <T extends Enum<T>> Map<T, Long> queryValuesFromWMI(Class<T> propertyEnum, String wmiClass) {
134         WmiQuery<T> query = new WmiQuery<>(wmiClass, propertyEnum);
135         WmiResult<T> result = Objects.requireNonNull(WmiQueryHandler.createInstance()).queryWMI(query);
136         EnumMap<T, Long> valueMap = new EnumMap<>(propertyEnum);
137         if (result.getResultCount() > 0) {
138             for (T prop : propertyEnum.getEnumConstants()) {
139                 switch (result.getCIMType(prop)) {
140                 case Wbemcli.CIM_UINT16:
141                     valueMap.put(prop, (long) WmiUtil.getUint16(result, prop, 0));
142                     break;
143                 case Wbemcli.CIM_UINT32:
144                     valueMap.put(prop, WmiUtil.getUint32asLong(result, prop, 0));
145                     break;
146                 case Wbemcli.CIM_UINT64:
147                     valueMap.put(prop, WmiUtil.getUint64(result, prop, 0));
148                     break;
149                 case Wbemcli.CIM_DATETIME:
150                     valueMap.put(prop, WmiUtil.getDateTime(result, prop, 0).toInstant().toEpochMilli());
151                     break;
152                 default:
153                     throw new ClassCastException("Unimplemented CIM Type Mapping.");
154                 }
155             }
156         }
157         return valueMap;
158     }
159 
160     /**
161      * Localize a PerfCounter string. English counter names should normally be in
162      * {@code HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows
163      * NT\CurrentVersion\Perflib\009\Counter}, but language manipulations may delete the {@code 009} index. In this case
164      * we can assume English must be the language and continue. We may still fail to match the name if the assumption is
165      * wrong but it's better than nothing.
166      *
167      * @param perfObject A String to localize
168      * @param force      If true, always localize
169      * @return The localized string if localization successful, or the original string otherwise.
170      */
171     public static String localizeIfNeeded(String perfObject, boolean force) {
172         return !force && IS_VISTA_OR_GREATER ? perfObject
173                 : LOCALIZE_CACHE.computeIfAbsent(perfObject, PerfCounterQuery::localizeUsingPerfIndex);
174     }
175 
176     private static String localizeUsingPerfIndex(String perfObject) {
177         String localized = perfObject;
178         try {
179             localized = PdhUtil.PdhLookupPerfNameByIndex(null, PdhUtil.PdhLookupPerfIndexByEnglishName(perfObject));
180         } catch (Win32Exception e) {
181             LOG.warn(
182                     "Unable to locate English counter names in registry Perflib 009. Assuming English counters. Error {}. {}",
183                     String.format(Locale.ROOT, "0x%x", e.getHR().intValue()),
184                     "See https://support.microsoft.com/en-us/help/300956/how-to-manually-rebuild-performance-counter-library-values");
185         } catch (PdhException e) {
186             LOG.debug("Unable to localize {} performance counter.  Error {}.", perfObject,
187                     String.format(Locale.ROOT, "0x%x", e.getErrorCode()));
188         }
189         if (localized.isEmpty()) {
190             return perfObject;
191         }
192         LOG.debug("Localized {} to {}", perfObject, localized);
193         return localized;
194     }
195 
196     /**
197      * Contract for Counter Property Enums
198      */
199     public interface PdhCounterProperty {
200         /**
201          * @return Returns the instance.
202          */
203         String getInstance();
204 
205         /**
206          * @return Returns the counter.
207          */
208         String getCounter();
209     }
210 }